Release notes for FreeBSD 13.0. This file describes new user-visible features, changes and updates relevant to users of binary FreeBSD releases. Each entry should describe the change in no more than several sentences and should reference manual pages where an interested user can find more information. Entries should wrap after 80 columns. Each entry should begin with one or more commit IDs on one line, specified as a comma separated list and/or range, followed by a colon and a newline. Entries should be separated by a newline. Changes to this file should not be MFCed. 35b193572545: grep(1) no longer follows symbolic links by default for recursive searches. This matches the documented behavior in the manual page. 0644746d5091: Add a new "syskrb5" mount option for Kerberized NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. Without this patch, a Kerberized NFSv4.1/4.2 mount must provide a Kerberos credential for the client at mount time. This patch uses a feature of NFSv4.1/4.2 called SP4_NONE, which allows the state maintenance operations to be performed by any authentication mechanism, so that these operations may be done via AUTH_SYS instead of RPCSEC_GSS (KerberosV). As such, no Kerberos credential is required at mount time. See mount_nfs(8). b4805d577787 and many others: Add support so that nfsd(8), nfsuserd(8), mountd(8), gssd(8) and rpc.tlsservd(8) can be run in an appropriately configured vnet prison. The vnet prison must be on its own file system, have the "allow.nfsd" jail parameter set on it and enforce_statfs cannot be set to "0". Use of UDP and pNFS server configurations are not permitted. (ie. The nfsd command line options "-u", "-p" and "-m" are not supported.) See jail(8), nfsd(8) and mountd(8). 68e86d5265bc,e58dfd0de589,59f5a5cb724e,6e272a78de36,4c4a4fd4a649,ba2ae2cca63a: sendmail has been updated to the latest upstream version (8.17.1). 225443828ec6..c44d097dcf92: bhyve now supports more than 16 vCPUs in a guest. By default bhyve permits each guest to create the same number of vCPUs as the count of physical CPUs on the host. This limit can be adjusted via the loader tunable hw.vmm.maxcpu. 1462dc95f796: Kernel TLS offload now supports receive-side offload of TLS 1.3. 3ee882bf21af: Change handling of the lowest address on an IPv4 (sub)net so that packets are not sent as a broadcast unless this has been set as the broadcast address. This makes the lowest address usable for a host. The old behavior can be restored with the net.inet.ip.broadcast_lowest sysctl. For more information, see https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-schoen-intarea-lowest-address/. 33ff39796ffe,8719e8a951b7: A new rc(8) service script zfskeys allows for automatic decryption of ZFS datasets encrypted with ZFS native encryption during boot. See the rc.conf(5) manual page for more information. b7a2cf0d9102 - eae02d959363: Upgrade bhyve's emulation to version 1.4 of the NVMe specification 0a6760a1de32, 3f3676a71266, 580c04df4db6: Add WiFi 6 support. various: Add support for the HiFive Unmatched RISC-V board. 9fb6e613373c: Add a sysctl called vfs.nfsd.srvmaxio that can be used to increase the NFS server's maximum I/O size from 128Kbytes to any power of 2 up to 1Mbyte. It can only be set when the nfsd threads are not running and will normally require an increase in kern.ipc.maxsockbuf to at least the value recommended by the console log message generated when setting vfs.nfsd.srvmaxio is first attempted. 9ec7dbf46b0a: Add a new NFSv4.1/4.2 mount option "nconnect" that can be used to specify the number of TCP connections that will be used for the mount, up to a maximum of 16. The first (default) TCP connection will be used for all RPCs that consist of small RPC messages. The RPCs that can consist of large RPC messages (Read/Readdir/ReaddirPlus/Write) will be sent on the additional TCP connections in a round robin fashion. If either the NFS client or NFS server have multiple network interfaces aggregated together or a network interface that uses multiple queues, this can increase NFS performance for the mount. various: One True Awk has been updated to the latest from upstream (20210215). All the FreeBSD patches, but one, have now been either up streamed or discarded. Notable changes include: o Locale is no longer used for ranges o Various bugs fixed o Better compatibility with gawk and mawk The one FreeBSD change, likely to be removed in FreeBSD 14, is that we still allow hex numbers, prefixed with 0x, to be parsed and interpreted as hex numbers while all other awks (including one true awk now) interpret them as 0 in line with awk's historic behavior. 8a04edfdcbd2: Change the default minor version used for an NFSv4 mount to the highest minor version supported by the NFSv4 server. This default can be overridden by using the "minorversion" mount option. 2c76eebca71b, 59f6f5e23c1a: Add two daemons rpc.tlsclntd(8) and rpc.tlsservd(8) that provide support for NFS-over-TLS as described in the Internet Draft titled "Towards Remote Procedure Call Encryption By Default". These daemons are only built when WITH_OPENSSL_KTLS is specified and are only tested on amd64 at this time. They use KTLS to encrypt/decrypt all NFS RPC message traffic, plus optional verification of machine identity via X.509 certificates. f76393a6305b6: Add AES-GCM support to armv8crypto(4) providing accelerated support for KTLS, IPsec, and other crypto API consumers. 074a91f746bd: The aesni(4) and armv8crypto(4) devices are now included in GENERIC on amd64, i386, and arm64. 2e1c94aa1fd5: Add support for enforcing W^X mapping policy for user processes. The policy is not enforced by default but can be enabled by setting the kern.elf32.allow_wx and kern.elf64.allow_wx sysctls to 0. Individual binaries can be exempted from the policy by elfctl(1) via the wxneeded feature. 4979620ece98: Add AES-XTS support to armv8crypto(4) providing accelerated software support for the default GELI cipher on arm64 systems. 022ca2fc7fe0: Add aio_writev(2) and aio_readv(2), vectored analogues of aio_write(2) and aio_read(2). 92bbfe1f0d1f: The fusefs(5) protocol has been updated to 7.28. Support for FUSE_COPY_FILE_RANGE and FUSE_LSEEK is added. r368667: GDB 6.1.1 was removed. Users of crashinfo(8) should install the gdb package or devel/gdb port. r368559: The hme(4) driver was removed. r367660: Fixes the case where gssd will not startup because /usr is a separate local file system that is not yet mounted. It does not fix the case where /usr is a separately mounted remote file system (such as NFS). This latter case can be fixed by adding mountcritremote to the REQUIRED line. Unfortunately doing so implies that all Kerberized NFS mounts in /etc/fstab will need the "late" mount option. This was not done, since the requirement for "late" would introduce a POLA violation. r367423: This commit added a new startup scripts variable called nfsv4_server_only which uses the -R option on mountd added by r367026. When nfsv4_server_only is set to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf, the NFS server only handles NFSv4 and does not register with rpcbind. As such, rpcbind does not need to be running. Useful for sites which consider rpcbind a security issue. r366267: Kernel option ACPI_DMAR was renamed to IOMMU. amd64's IOMMU subsystem was split out from amd64 DMAR support and is now generic, i.e., it can be used by all architectures. r364896: A series of commits ending with r364896 added NFS over TLS to the kernel. This is believed to be compatible with the Internet Draft titled "Towards Remote Procedure Call Encryption By Default" (expected to soon become an RFC). The mount_nfs(8) and exports(5) man pages describe the mount and export option(s) related to NFS over TLS. For NFS over TLS to work, the rpctlscd(8) { client } or rpctlssd(8) { server } must be running on a kernel built with "options KERN_TLS" on an architecture where PMAP_HAS_DMAP != 0. r364725: Changes to one obscure devd event generated on resume need to be documented. The old form will still be generated in 13, but not in 14. r363679: Applications using regex(3), e.g. sed/grep, will no longer accept redundant escapes for most ordinary characters. r363253: SCTP support has been removed from GENERIC kernel configurations. The SCTP stack is now built as sctp.ko and can be dynamically loaded. r363233: Merge sendmail 8.16.1: See contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for details. r363180: The safexcel(4) crypto offload driver has been added. r363084: nc(1) now implements SCTP mode, enabled by specifying the --sctp option. r362681: A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported. It offers better standards compliance, performance, localization and comes with extensive test cases that are optionally installed. Use WITHOUT_GH_BC=yes to build and install the world with the previous version instead of the new one, if required. r362158, r362163: struct export_args has changed so that the "user" specified for the -maproot and -mapall exports(5) options may be in more than 16 groups. r361884: sed(1) has learned about hex escapes (e.g. \x27) and will now do the right thing with them, removing the need for printf magic or obnoxious escaping in many scenarios. r361238, r361798, r361799: ZFS will now unconditionally reject read(2) of a directory with EISDIR. Additionally, read(2) of a directory is now rejected with EISDIR by default and may be re-enabled for non-ZFS filesystems that allow it with the sysctl(8) MIB 'security.bsd.allow_read_dir'. Aliases for grep to default to '-d skip' may be desired if commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and the possibility of EISDIR errors in stderr is not tolerable. Example aliases, commented out, have been installed in /root/.cshrc and /root/.shrc. r361066: Add exec.prepare and exec.release hooks for jail(8) and jail.conf(5). exec.prepare runs before mounts, so can be used to populate new jails. exec.release runs after unmounts, so can be used to remove ephemeral jails. r360920,r360923,r360924,r360927,r360928,r360931,r360933,r360936: Remove support for ARC4, Blowfish, Cast, DES, Triple DES, MD5, MD5-KPDK, MD5-HMAC, SHA1-KPDK, and Skipjack algorithms from the kernel open cryptographic framework (OCF). r360562: Remove support for ARC4, Blowfish, Cast, DES, Triple DES, MD5-HMAC, and Skipjack algorithms from /dev/crypto. r360557: Remove support for DES, Triple DES, Blowfish, Cast, and Camellia ciphers from IPsec(4). Remove support for MD5-HMAC, Keyed MD5, Keyed SHA1, and RIPEMD160-HMAC from IPsec(4). r359945: Remove support for Triple DES, Blowfish, and MD5 HMAC from geli(4). r359786-r359787: Remove support for DES, Triple DES, and RC4 from in-kernel GSS authentication. r357627: remove elf2aout. r357560-r357565: init(8), service(8), and cron(8) will now adopt user/class environment variables (excluding PATH, by default, which will be overwritten) by default. Notably, environment variables for all cron jobs and rc services can now be set via login.conf(5). r357455: sparc64 has been removed from FreeBSD. r355677: Adds support for NFSv4.2 (RFC-7862) and Extended Attributes (RFC-8276) to the NFS client and server. NFSv4.2 is comprised of several optional features that can be supported in addition to NFSv4.1. This patch adds the following optional features: - posix_fadvise(POSIX_FADV_WILLNEED/POSIX_FADV_DONTNEED) - posix_fallocate() - intra server file range copying via the copy_file_range(2) syscall --> Avoiding data tranfer over the wire to/from the NFS client. - lseek(SEEK_DATA/SEEK_HOLE) - Extended attribute syscalls for "user" namespace attributes as defined by RFC-8276. For the client, NFSv4.2 is only used if the mount command line option minorversion=2 is specified. For the server, two new sysctls called vfs.nfsd.server_min_minorversion4 and vfs.nfsd.server_max_minorversion4 have been added that allow sysadmins to limit the minor versions of NFSv4 supported by the nfsd server. Setting vfs.nfsd.server_max_minorversion4 to 0 or 1 will disable NFSv4.2 on the server. r356263: armv5 support has been removed from FreeBSD. r354517: iwm(4) now supports most Intel 9260, 9460 and 9560 Wi-Fi devices. r354269: sqlite3 is updated to sqlite3-3.30.1. r352668: cron(8) now supports the -n (suppress mail on succesful run) and -q (suppress logging of command execution) options in the crontab format. See the crontab(5) manpage for details. r352304: ntpd is no longer by default locked in memory. rlimit memlock 32 or rlimit memlock 0 can be used to restore this behaviour. r351863: rc.subr(8) now honors ${name}_env in all rc(8) scripts. Previously, environment variables set by a user via ${name}_env were ignored if the service defined a custom *_cmd variable to control the behavior of the run_rc_command function, e.g., start_cmd, instead of relying on the variables like command and command_args, r351770,r352920,r352922,r352923: dd(1) now supports conv=fsync, conv=fdatasync, oflag=fsync, oflag=sync, and iflag=fullblock flags, compatible with illumos and GNU. r351522: Add kernel-side support for in-kernel Transport Layer Security (KTLS). KTLS permits using sendfile(2) over sockets using TLS. r351397: WPA is updated from 2.8 to 2.9. r351361: Add probes for lockmgr(9) to the lockstat DTrace provider, add corresponding lockstat(1) events, and document the new probes in dtrace_lockstat.4. r351356: Intel RST is a new 'feature' that remaps NVMe devices from their normal location to part of the AHCI bar space. This will eliminate the need to set the BIOS SATA setting from RST to AHCI causing the nvme drive to be erased before FreeBSD will see the nvme drive. FreeBSD will now be able to see the nvme drive now in the default config. r351201, r351372: Add a vop_stdioctl() call, so that file systems that do not support holes will have a trivial implementation of lseek(SEEK_DATA/SEEK_HOLE). The algorithm appears to be compatible with the POSIX draft and the implementation in Linux for the case of a file system that does not support holes. Prior to this patch, lseek(2) would reply -1 with errno set to ENOTTY for SEEK_DATA/SEEK_HOLE on files in file systems that do not support holes. r351372 maps ENOTTY to EINVAL for lseek(SEEK_DATA/SEEK_HOLE) for any other cases, such as a ENOTTY return from vn_bmap_seekhole(). r350665: The fuse driver has been renamed to fusefs(5) and been substantially rewritten. The new driver includes many bug fixes and performance enhancements, as well as the following user-visible features: * Optional kernel-side permissions checks (-o default_permissions) * mknod(2), socket(2), and pipe(2) support * server side locking with fcntl(2) * FUSE operations are now interruptible when mounted with -o intr * server side handling of UTIME_NOW during utimensat(2) * mount options may be updated with "mount -u" * fusefs file system may now be exported over NFS * RLIMIT_FSIZE support * support for fuse file systems using protocols as old as 7.4 FUSE file system developers should also take note of the following new features: * The protocol level has been raised from 7.8 to 7.23 * kqueue support on /dev/fuse * server-initiated cache invalidation via FUSE_NOTIFY_REPLY r350471: gnop(8) can now configure a delay to be applied to read and write request delays. See the -d, -q and -x parameters. r350315, r350316: Adds a Linux compatible copy_file_range(2) syscall. r350307: libcap_random(3) has been removed. Applications can use native APIs to get random data in capability mode. r349529,r349530: Add support for using unmapped mbufs with sendfile(2). r349352: nand(4) and related components have been removed. r349349: The UEFI loader now supports HTTP boot. r349335: bhyve(8) now implements a High Definition Audio (HDA) driver, allowing guests to play to and record audio data from the host. r349286: swapon(8) can now erase a swap device immediately before enabling it, similar to newfs(8)'s -E option. This behaviour can be specified by adding -E to swapon(8)'s command-line parameters, or by adding the "trimonce" option to a swap device's /etc/fstab entry. r347908-r347923: The following network drivers have been removed: bm(4), cs(4), de(4), ed(4), ep(4), ex(4), fe(4), pcn(4), sf(4), sn(4), tl(4), tx(4), txp(4), vx(4), wb(4), xe(4). r347532: Wired page accounting has been split into kernel wirings and user wirings (e.g., by mlock(2)). Kernel wirings no long count towards the global limit, which is renamed to vm.max_user_wired. bhyve -S allocates user-wired memory and is now subject to that limit.